UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

Washington, D.C. 20549

FORM 10-K

(Mark one)

For the fiscal year ended December 31, 2024

OR

For the transition period from __________ to __________

Commission file number: 001-34170

MicroVision, Inc.

(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)

18390 NE 68th Street

Redmond, Washington 98052

(Address of Principal Executive Offices, including Zip Code)

(425) 936-6847

(Registrant’s Telephone Number, including Area Code)

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(g) of the Act: None

Indicate by check mark if the registrant is a well-known seasoned issuer, as defined in Rule 405 of the Securities Act.

Yes ☐ No ☒

Indicate by check mark if the registrant is not required to file reports pursuant to Section 13 or Section 15(d) of the Act.

Yes ☐ No ☒

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days.

Yes ☒ No ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit such files).

Yes ☒ No ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, a smaller reporting company or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” “smaller reporting company” and “emerging growth company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.

If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has filed a report on and attestation to its management’s assessment of the effectiveness of its internal control over financial reporting under Section 404(b) of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act (15 U.S.C. 7262(b)) by the registered public accounting firm that prepared or issued its audit report. ☐

If securities are registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act, indicate by check mark whether the financial statements of the registrant included in the filing reflect the correction of an error to previously issued financial statements. ☐

Indicate by check mark whether any of those error corrections are restatements that required a recovery analysis of incentive-based compensation received by any of the registrant’s executive officers during the relevant recovery period pursuant to § 240.10D-1(b). ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Act).

Yes ☐ No ☒

The aggregate market value of common stock held by non-affiliates of the registrant as of June 30, 2024 was approximately $222.0 million (based upon the closing price of $1.06 per share for the registrant’s common stock as reported by the Nasdaq Global Market on that date).

The number of shares of the registrant’s common stock outstanding as of March 20, 2025 was 245,004,785.

DOCUMENTS INCORPORATED BY REFERENCE

Portions of the registrant’s definitive Proxy Statement to be filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission pursuant to Regulation 14A in connection with the registrant’s 2025 Annual Meeting of Shareholders (the “2025 Proxy Statement”) are incorporated herein by reference in Part III of this Annual Report on Form 10-K to the extent stated herein.

MICROVISION, INC.

ANNUAL REPORT ON FORM 10-K

FOR THE YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2024

TABLE OF CONTENTS

PART I.

Preliminary Note Regarding Forward-Looking Statements

This Annual Report contains forward-looking statements, within the meaning of Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the “Securities Act”), and Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”), and is subject to the safe harbor created by those sections. Such statements may include, but are not limited to, projections of revenues and expenses, and measures of income or loss, status of product development and performance, market opportunity and future demand, partner and customer engagement, cooperative agreements, strategic plans, future operations, financing needs or plans of MicroVision, Inc. (“we,” “our,” or “us”), as well as assumptions relating to the foregoing. The words “anticipate,” “could,” “believe,” “estimate,” “expect,” “goal,” “may,” “plan,” “will,” and similar expressions identify forward-looking statements. Factors that could cause actual results to differ materially from those projected in our forward-looking statements include risk factors identified below in Item 1A.

ITEM 1. BUSINESS

Overview

MicroVision, Inc. is committed to driving the global adoption of our proprietary products, which leverage our deterministic AI “at the edge” with our innovative perception and application software running on our diverse lidar sensors. Our solutions enable ADAS and autonomy features for customers in a wide range of industries, including robotics, automated warehouse, agriculture, mining, military, and automotive. Our deterministic AI at the edge software running on our sensors enables intelligent autonomous, active safety, and automation systems which depend on secure, cost-effective, and energy-efficient solutions. This software has been developed in close collaboration with our automotive customers and we are now rapidly expanding with it into new industrial and commercial vehicle sectors.

With engineering teams based in Redmond, Washington and Hamburg, Germany, we develop and supply integrated solutions built on our perception software stack, incorporating application software and processing data from differentiated sensor systems. Our extensive experience in developing and productizing core lidar hardware and software components, along with our expertise in edge computing, positions us as a valuable commercial partner capable of delivering high-value, low-power products.

Founded in 1993, MicroVision, Inc. is a pioneer in laser beam scanning, or LBS technology, which is based on our patented technology in micro-electromechanical systems, or MEMS, laser diodes, opto-mechanics, electronics, algorithms and software and how those elements are packaged into a small form factor. Throughout our history, we have combined our proprietary technology with our development expertise to create innovative solutions to address existing and emerging market needs, such as augmented reality microdisplay engines; interactive display modules; consumer lidar components; and, more recently, lidar sensors and software solutions for industrial, automotive, and military markets.

In January 2023, we acquired certain strategic assets of Germany-based Ibeo Automotive Systems GmbH, which was founded in 1998 as a lidar hardware and software provider. Ibeo developed and launched the first lidar sensor to be automotive qualified for serial production with a premium, or Tier 1, automotive supplier and that is currently available in passenger cars by premium original equipment manufacturers, or OEMs. Ibeo developed software solutions, including perception and validation software, which are also used by premium OEMs. In addition, Ibeo sold its products for non-automotive uses such as industrial, agriculture, smart infrastructure and robotics applications.

Our integrated solution, built on our perception software stack, combines our lidar sensors, both MEMS-based and flash-based, and application software targeted for sale to industrial mobility and autonomy companies, automotive OEMs and Tier 1 suppliers, and defense contractors. Our deterministic AI at the edge enables critical decisions to be made locally and independent of the cloud, leading to faster responses, improved data privacy, and reduced costs. Our mature perception software stack has met the rigorous requirements of automotive qualification and incorporates advanced features, like localization and fusion. Our lidar sensors include MAVIN™, a MEMS-based long-range sensor capable of small object detection, and MOVIA™, a flash-based short- to mid-range sensor, both suitable for industrial and automotive applications. We also develop customer-specific application software, allowing expansion into a wide array of sectors.

Our product suite also includes our validation software tool, the MOSAIK™ suite, which is targeted for use by OEMs and Tier 1s for validating vehicle sensors for ADAS and autonomous driving, or AD, applications. In 2024, we reduced the dedicated resources and investment into further development of MOSAIK. Specifically, in 2024, in an effort to better align our resources with our product plan, we restructured and reorganized our workforce and related expenditures to strategically focus on our perception software and MAVIN and MOVIA products. While this 41% reduction in workforce added approximately $6.0 million to our fiscal year 2024 expenses, we expect this action to extend our financial runway through reduced personnel expenses and other operational efficiencies. See Part II, Item 8, Note 14. Restructuring Charges for additional discussion.

In the recent past, we developed micro-display concepts and designs for use in head-mounted augmented reality, or AR, headsets and developed a 1440i MEMS module supporting AR headsets. This technology was integrated into products marketed to consumer and military sectors.

Although our development and productization efforts are now focused on the software and sensors underpinning our autonomy and mobility solutions, our revenues in the fiscal years ended December 31, 2023 and 2022 were largely derived from one customer, Microsoft Corporation, related to components that we developed for a high-definition display system. Our arrangement with this customer generated royalty income, which we do not expect to continue in future periods.

To date, we have been unable to secure customers at the scale needed to successfully launch our products. We have incurred significant losses since inception and we expect to continue to incur significant losses in the near term. We have funded our operations to date primarily through the sale of common stock, convertible preferred stock, warrants, the issuance of convertible debt and, to a lesser extent, from development contract revenues, product sales and licensing activities. In October 2024, we entered into a securities purchase agreement with an institutional investor for the sale of up to $75.0 million in senior secured convertible notes. See Part II, Item 8, Note 7. Notes Payable and Derivative Liability. In February 2025, we entered into another securities purchase agreement with the same institutional investor for the issuance and sale of $8.0 million in shares of common stock, plus warrants to purchase additional shares of common stock for approximately $9.0 million. See Part II, Item 8, Note 16. Subsequent Events.

MicroVision, Inc. was founded in 1993 as a Washington corporation and reincorporated in 2003 under the laws of the State of Delaware. Our headquarters is located at 18390 NE 68th Street, Redmond, Washington 98052, and our telephone number is (425) 936-6847.

Our annual reports on Form 10-K, quarterly reports on Form 10-Q, current reports on Form 8-K, and all amendments to those reports are available free-of-charge from the investor page of our website, accessible at www.microvision.com, as soon as reasonably practicable after such material is electronically filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission, or SEC. Copies of these filings may also be obtained by visiting the SEC’s website, www.sec.gov, which contains current, quarterly and annual reports, proxy and information statements and other information regarding issuers that file electronically.

Our Industry and Market Strategy

Our perception solutions address autonomy and mobility opportunities and challenges in a variety of markets, with our primary focus being industrial markets, including robotics, warehouse automation, agriculture, and mining, as well as automotive advanced driver assistance systems, or ADAS, and autonomous driving, or AD, and military applications.

In the industrial sector, we believe that our core technology is integral in the automated guided vehicle, or AGV, and autonomous mobile robot, or AMR, markets. We target our solutions for sale to OEMs in the AGV and AMR markets, as well as to companies in sectors that use their products. The advancement of warehouse and stockyard automation, integrated autonomous supply chains, and enhanced pickup and delivery systems requires cutting-edge innovation in the sensor systems guiding AMRs and traditional AGVs. Smart farming and automated mining operations improve safety, efficiency, productivity, and sustainability by leveraging our lidar sensors and perception software solutions.

Our lidar sensors and perception software were initially developed to address the needs of the Level 2+, or L2+, and Level 3, or L3, ADAS markets to be used in automotive safety and autonomous driving applications. Our solution-based development approach recognizes two key realities of the L2+ and L3 markets: that safety is mission critical and that automotive OEMs require cost efficiency and integration adaptability. With these factors in mind, we believe that our best-in-class lidar sensors and perception software support critical safety needs by providing the highest resolution at range, thus enabling ADAS features, such as automatic emergency braking, forward collision warning, and automatic emergency steering, at higher speeds of operation than most competing products.

Moreover, we tailor our solution to meet the needs of industrial and automotive OEMs, integrating our lidar and edge computing to support high-level capabilities, save development cost and time for OEMs with no training required for our sensor-fused output, reduce system cost by requiring fewer and cheaper sensors and reduced processing, and enable seamless integration with an OEM’s existing architecture. Our unique solution for the AGV/AMR and the L2+/L3 markets, we believe, has the potential to achieve our goal of enabling mission-critical safety systems while solving for OEMs’ cost and integration objectives.

With this customer-centric approach, our go-to-market strategy depends on building partnerships with OEMs, Tier-1 automotive suppliers, and industrial operators, and also with silicon companies to support our solution on their compute platforms. Our strategy includes working to establish direct marketing and co-development relationships and we may also derive revenue in the form of licensing revenue.

Beyond industrial and automotive, our strategy includes targeting our perception solutions and core technologies for military applications. Drawing on MicroVision’s history as a supplier of innovative technology to the military, such as its high-definition wearable display technologies, we believe our solutions and technologies provide compelling use cases in the expanding defense tech sector.

Our Technology and Competitive Strength

We believe a significant competitive strength for us today is the maturity of our perception software stack and our MAVIN and MOVIA technologies, as well as our validation tool chain in MOSAIK. The key differentiator for our offerings lies in our capability to provide an integrated and validated hardware and software solution for automotive and industrial customers. Core to our perception software, lidar sensors, and custom ASICs is proprietary technology that we have been developing, refining, productizing and protecting for nearly 30 years.

MicroVision’s perception software efficiently enables small object detection, lane detection, road boundaries, and dynamic object tracking and classification. Object recognition is at the core of our perception solution, classifying objects and road users as well as small obstacles and overhanging loads, which is achieved using sophisticated algorithms to interpret complex visual information from one or multiple sensors. Our perception solution delivers highly accurate environment representation, thus enabling industrial and automotive customers to achieve reliable and efficient autonomous and mobility applications.

The integration of our perception software into our lidar sensors reduces power consumption and space needs by utilizing a highly efficient system-on-chip, or SoC, and optimizing our perception software for processing sensor measurements directly on the sensors. As external ECU hardware is expensive, our integrated solution lowers costs and the system architecture is simplified as the sensor-specific perception processing occurs seamlessly within the sensor.

Our flash-based, solid-state lidar technology, which comprises our MOVIA family of sensors, was developed according to highly rigorous automotive-grade standards, delivering reliability in a small form factor suitable for a variety of applications in industrial, automotive, and other environments. The robust and versatile MOVIA L sensor has no moving parts and sustains a 50G shock load, while it outputs a high-resolution, 4D point cloud. The smaller MOVIA S is intended to address short-range automotive applications. Integrated with our perception software, MOVIA sensors have low power consumption requirements and perform well in adverse weather conditions.

Our micro-electromechanical systems, or MEMS-based high-speed lidar sensors, which we call MAVIN, use our pioneering laser beam scanning (LBS) technology. Our patented LBS technology combines a MEMS scanning mirror, laser diode light sources, electronics, and optics that are controlled using our proprietary system control algorithms along with edge computing and machine learning in some systems. The MEMS scanning mirror is a key component of our technology system and is one of our core competencies. Our MEMS scanning mirror is a silicon device that oscillates in a precisely controlled closed loop pattern so that we can place a pixel of light at a precise point. This allows us to generate a projected image pixel-by-pixel for use in lidar sensing and display. Scanning modules with our technology can be designed to operate in one of three different modes: lidar sensing only, display and lidar sensing combined, and display only. We believe that our proprietary technology offers significant advantages over other lidar sensing systems and traditional displays.

Early applications of our proprietary technology included heads up displays for the U.S. military and automotive systems. The contemplated uses of our technology require incorporation of our components into the products of other companies or partners. More recently, our technology can be found in a Microsoft heads up display product. In the past, we have worked with other global brands to incorporate our core technology into their consumer products.

The long-range MAVIN lidar sensor is designed to, and we believe can, meet or exceed OEM specifications, performing to 220 meters of range with an output resolution of up to 14.0 million points per second. Our hardware delivers a high point cloud density for a single-channel sensor. In addition to providing a low-latency, high-resolution point cloud at range, our sensor enables fast and accurate path planning and maneuvering of the vehicle. Our proprietary scan locking feature ensures that our sensor is immune from interference from sunlight and from other lidar sensors. Although developed for automotive applications, MAVIN is suitable for industrial and military applications that require long-range solutions.

Our Products and Revenue Strategy

Our product suite includes our perception software, MEMS-based high-speed automotive lidar sensors, flash-based automotive lidar sensor, lidar sensors for non-automotive industrial markets, and reference and validation software. We also provide engineering services in connection with these hardware and software products, as well as development of custom application software.

Our perception software integrated with our lidar hardware is targeted for sale to a wide variety of markets, including industrial, automotive, and defense. Our perception software was developed in collaboration with an automotive OEM customer and successfully passed through that OEM’s development qualification processes.

Our MOVIA line of lidar sensors, are also based on technology developed according to automotive-grade standards, featuring variable scan frequency, high resolution, a modular optics concept, and low power consumption. The availability of our MOVIA sensors support a revenue strategy that includes royalty revenues from automotive production, as well as sales in multiple markets including industrial, smart infrastructure, robotics, and commercial vehicles. Our MAVIN lidar system is targeted for sale to automotive OEMs and Tier 1 automotive suppliers, though is also suitable for industrial and military applications that require a robust solution with long-range detection.

In the industrial sector, we are focused on opportunities involving AGVs and AMRs, cobots, and mobile autonomous vehicles, or MAVs, where our key differentiating features include various combinations of low power consumption, an integrated solution, embedded localization software, and small object detection. Revenue would be derived from volume supply and licensing arrangements with automated warehouse operators, materials handling OEMs, and robotics manufacturers, among others in the industrial sector. Our solutions in the automotive industry target advanced driver assistance systems, or ADAS, and autonomous driving, or AD, needs of automotive OEMs and Tier 1 automotive suppliers with revenue derived from high-volume supply agreements.

Research and Development

We believe our research and development efforts have earned us a leadership position in the field of lidar sensors, LBS technology and applications as applied to automotive, industrial, military and defense, consumer electronics, and other markets. Our ability to attract customers and grow revenue will depend on our ability to maintain our technology leadership, to continually improve performance, reduce costs, and ensure functional safety and flexible design. Our research and development teams as of December 31, 2024 were located in Redmond, Washington, and Hamburg, Germany and were comprised of approximately 130 engineering and technical staff in optics, software engineering, electrical engineering, product engineering, and MEMS design.

Sales and Marketing

Our sales and marketing approach is account based, business-to-business targeting of industrial equipment and automotive OEMs, as well as end-users of their products, automated warehouse operators, agriculture and mining companies, automotive Tier 1 suppliers, defense tech companies, and potential customers in several other industrial markets. Our business development efforts are headed by executive management and business development representatives and are supported by engineers that assist customers during the design cycles of products. We have business development offices for our automotive and industrial solutions located in Germany and the United States. We engage potential customers directly, participate in trade shows, and maintain a website.

Manufacturing

We continue to invest in our manufacturing capabilities, evaluating long-term Tier 1 relationships and establishing new relationships with contract manufacturers, as we drive toward our goal of serving as a Tier 1 supplier to automotive OEM customers. When we have produced products or components, our products were manufactured by a contract manufacturer based on our proprietary design, process, test, quality, and reliability standards and incorporated our core technologies, including MEMS and ASICs that were produced to order by semiconductor foundries. To date, our manufacturing has not been subject to seasonal variations as our shipments have been relatively small and in the early stages of product introduction. In the future, depending on our customers’ product mix, we may be affected by seasonal fluctuations which could affect working capital demands. Many of the raw materials used in our components are standard, although our MEMS, MEMS die, and ASICs have historically been manufactured to our specifications by separate single-source suppliers.

Competitive Conditions

Many companies have developed and are attempting to develop lidar sensors and autonomy and mobility solutions; the competitive landscape is highly crowded and rapidly evolving. We compete with pureplay lidar developers, most of which have raised and exhausted significant capital in their development and production efforts. Some of these companies have announced partnerships with OEMs, Tier 1 suppliers, and contract manufacturers that, even if nonexclusive, may appear more credible than we do in the marketplace. We also face competition from industrial and automotive OEMs and automotive Tier 1 suppliers that have internally developed lidar sensors. All of these OEMs and Tier 1s are significantly larger, more well-resourced, have long operating histories and enjoy relevant brand recognition. Many lidar developers are also building ADAS solutions with which our solutions compete. Our competitors may succeed in developing innovative technologies and products that could render our technology or products commercially infeasible or technologically obsolete.

The autonomy, mobility, and lidar sensing industries have been characterized by rapid and significant technological advances. Our perception solutions, technology systems, and sensor products may not be competitive with such advances, and we may not have sufficient funds to invest in new technologies, products or processes. Although we believe our technology and solutions could deliver higher performance and have other advantages, manufacturers of competing technologies may develop improvements that could reduce or eliminate the anticipated advantages of our solutions.

Intellectual Property and Proprietary Rights

We create intellectual property from three sources: internal research and development activities, technology acquisitions, and performance on development contracts. The inventions covered by our patent applications generally relate to systems controls in our LBS technology, component miniaturization, power reduction, feature enhancements, specific implementation of various system components, and design elements to facilitate mass production. Protecting these key-enabling technologies and components is a fundamental aspect of our strategy to penetrate diverse markets with unique products. As such, we intend to continue to develop our portfolio of proprietary and patented technologies at the system, component, and process levels.

We believe our extensive patent portfolio is the largest, broadest, and earliest filed LBS technology portfolio. We currently have over 700 issued patents and pending patents worldwide. As our technology develops, we not only apply for new patents but we also periodically review our patent portfolio and eliminate patents that are deemed of low value. Moreover, the number of patents in our portfolio will vary at any given time as patents may expire or be abandoned to better utilize resources expended to maintain and generate new intellectual property.

Our ability to compete effectively in the markets we may enter may depend, in part, on our ability and the ability of our licensors to maintain the proprietary nature of the relevant technologies.

We also rely on unpatented proprietary technology. To protect our rights in these areas, we require all employees, and where appropriate, contractors, consultants, advisors and collaborators, to enter into confidentiality and non-compete agreements. There can be no assurance, however, that these agreements will provide meaningful protection for our trade secrets, know-how or other proprietary information in the event of any unauthorized use, misappropriation or disclosure of such trade secrets, know-how or other proprietary information.

We have registered names and phrases, including “MAVIN™,” “MOVIA™,” “MOSAIK™, “SAFE MOBILITY AT THE SPEED OF LIFE,” and “MicroVision®,” with the United States Patent and Trademark Office and in various foreign countries.

Our Employees, People Operations, and Workplace Safety

At the end of fiscal year 2024, throughout our global offices, we had approximately 185 predominantly full-time employees. We do not hire seasonal workers and none of our employees are represented by a labor union or works council.

Our principal objectives with respect to our workforce are to attract, retain, motivate, and reward our employees to achieve positive results for our customers and for MicroVision. To achieve these objectives, our employee benefit programs seek to (i) support skill building and prepare our employees for advancement through continuous learning, (ii) reward our employees through compensation awards and resources intended to motivate our employees and promote well-being, and (iii) continuously identify opportunities for development through regular employee input and engagement. We offer competitive compensation and benefits.

We also strive for excellence and inclusivity among our employees, management, and board of directors, and seek to promote job opportunities to a wide pool of qualified candidates who can bring multiple perspectives and a variety of backgrounds and experiences into our workplace. We are also committed to providing an inclusive work environment free of discrimination or harassment of any kind, supported by our leadership team and through our policies, communications, and reporting and resolution resources.

Protecting the safety, health, and well-being of our employees is also a key priority and we have implemented policies and practices to support this. In particular, given the work that we do, we engage third party independent experts in the field of laser safety to assist in meeting safety specifications. In addition, we monitor developments in the area of permissible laser exposure limits as established by International Electrotechnical Commission, or IEC, and others. Independent experts have concluded that laser exposure to the eye resulting from use of LBS devices under normal operating conditions would be below the calculated maximum permissible exposure level set by the IEC.

ITEM 1A. RISK FACTORS

You should carefully consider the risks described below together with the other information set forth in this report, which could materially affect our business, financial condition and future results. The risks described below are not the only risks facing our company. Risks and uncertainties not currently known to us or that we currently deem to be immaterial also may materially adversely affect our business, financial condition and operating results.

Risk Factors Related to Our Business

We have a history of operating losses and expect to incur significant losses in the future.

We have had substantial losses since our inception. We cannot assure you that we will ever become or remain profitable.

The likelihood of our success must be considered in light of the expenses, difficulties and delays frequently encountered by companies formed to develop and commercialize new technologies. In particular, our operations to date have focused primarily on research and development of our Laser Beam Scanning, or LBS, technology system, including products built around that technology such as our automotive lidar sensors, and development of demonstration units. We are unable to accurately estimate future revenues and operating expenses based upon historical performance.

We cannot be certain that we will succeed in obtaining additional development revenue or commercializing our technology or products at scale. In light of these factors, we expect to continue to incur significant losses and negative cash flow through 2025 and the foreseeable future. There is significant risk that we will not achieve positive cash flow at any time in the future.

We will require additional capital to fund our operations at the level necessary to implement our business plan. Raising additional capital will dilute the value of current shareholders’ investment in us. Additionally, we may be unable to raise capital at the level we expect or on terms acceptable to us.

Based on our current operating plan, we anticipate that we have sufficient cash and cash equivalents to fund our operations for at least the next 12 months. We will, however, require additional capital to fund our operating plan past that time. We will seek to obtain additional capital through the issuance of equity or debt securities, development revenue, product sales, and/or licensing activities. There can be no assurance that any such efforts to obtain additional capital would be successful.

We are currently focused on developing and commercializing our perception software and sensor solutions. This involves introducing new technologies into an emerging market which creates significant uncertainty about our ability to accurately project the amounts and timing of revenue, costs, and cash flows. Our capital requirements will depend on many factors, including, but not limited to, the commercial success of our technologies, the rate at which OEMs and other customers introduce systems incorporating our solutions and technologies and the market acceptance and competitive position of such systems. Our expenses increased significantly as a result of the January 2023 Ibeo acquisition and related headcount increase, though in 2024 we effectuated meaningful headcount reductions. If revenues continue to be less than we anticipate, if the mix of revenues and the associated margins vary from anticipated amounts, or if expenses exceed the amounts budgeted, we may require additional capital earlier than expected to fund our operations. In addition, our operating plan provides for the development of strategic relationships with suppliers of components, products and systems, and equipment manufacturers that may require additional investments by us.

Additional capital may not be available to us or, if available, may not be available at a level or on terms acceptable to us or on a timely basis. Raising additional capital may involve issuing securities with rights and preferences that are senior to our common stock and may dilute the value of our current shareholders’ investment in us. Moreover, raising capital through the sale of our equity securities is dependent upon the availability of the requisite shares of authorized stock, which is driven by the market price of our stock and the approval of our stockholders. If adequate capital resources are not available on a timely basis, we may consider limiting our operations substantially and we may be unable to continue as a going concern. This limitation of operations could include reducing investments in our research and development projects, staff, operating costs, and capital expenditures which could jeopardize our ability to achieve our business goals or satisfy our customer requirements.

Risks Related to our Financial Statements and Results

Our revenue is generated from a small number of customers, and as we have experienced recently and in the past, losing a significant customer negatively impacts our revenue.

For the year ended December 31, 2024, a leading manufacturer of agricultural equipment accounted for $2.8 million in revenue, a major global trucking OEM accounted for $0.6 million in revenue, and an automotive supplier accounted for $0.5 million in revenue. This represents 60%, 13%, and 10% of our total revenue, respectively. For the year ended December 31, 2023, two commercial customers accounted for $4.6 and $0.8 million in revenue, respectively, representing 63% and 11% of our total revenue, respectively. Our revenue has been negatively effected by the loss of certain of these customers and could continue to be if not replaced with new, materially equivalent customer wins.

We have, in the past, identified a material weakness in our internal controls.

In the second quarter of 2021, we identified a material weakness in the controls that support our determination of the grant date of equity awards. If we identify further material weaknesses in our internal controls, our failure to establish and maintain effective disclosure controls and procedures and internal control over financial reporting could result in material misstatements in our financial statements and a failure to meet our reporting obligations. Any such failure could cause investors to lose confidence in the accuracy of our financial reports, harm our reputation, and adversely affect the market price of our common stock.

Our internal controls over financial reporting for fiscal year 2024 include controls of our subsidiary, MicroVision GmbH, which became a significant subsidiary upon the closing of our acquisition of assets from Ibeo in 2023. Given the added complexity stemming from the inclusion of our German subsidiary within our control environment, the risk of a material weakness in internal controls will be higher than it has been to date.

Our stock price has fluctuated in the past, has recently been volatile and may be volatile in the future, and as a result, investors in our common stock could incur substantial losses.

Our stock price has fluctuated significantly in the past, has recently been volatile, and may be volatile in the future. Over the 52-week period ending March 20, 2025, our common stock has traded at a low of $0.80 and a high of $1.95. We may continue to experience sustained depression or substantial volatility in our stock price in the foreseeable future unrelated to our operating performance or prospects. For the fiscal year ended December 31, 2024, we incurred a loss per share of $0.46.

As a result of this volatility, investors may experience losses on their investment in our common stock. The market price for our common stock may be influenced by many factors, including the following:

Since the price of our common stock has fluctuated in the past, has suffered recent declines and may be volatile in the future, investors in our common stock could incur substantial losses. In the past, following periods of volatility in the market, securities class-action litigation has often been instituted against companies. Such litigation, if instituted against us, could result in substantial costs and diversion of management’s attention and resources, which could materially and adversely affect our business, financial condition, results of operations and growth prospects. There can be no guarantee that our stock price will remain at current levels or that future sales of our common stock will not be at prices lower than those sold to investors.

Additionally, securities of certain companies have in the past few years experienced significant and extreme volatility in stock price due to short sellers of shares of common stock, known as a “short squeeze.” These short squeezes have caused extreme volatility in both the stock prices of those companies and in the market and have led to the price per share of those companies to trade at a significantly inflated rate that is disconnected from the underlying value of the company. Many investors who have purchased shares in those companies at an inflated rate face the risk of losing a significant portion of their original investment, as in many cases the price per share has declined steadily as interest in those stocks has abated. There can be no assurance that our shares will not be subject to a short squeeze in the future, and investors may lose a significant portion or all of their investment if they purchase our shares at a rate that is significantly disconnected from our underlying value.

If we are unable to maintain our listing on The Nasdaq Global Market, it could become more difficult to sell our stock in the public market.

Our common stock is listed on The Nasdaq Global Market. To maintain our listing on this market, we must meet Nasdaq’s listing maintenance standards. As a result of recent declines and volatility in our stock price, there is a significant risk that we could fail to maintain compliance with the minimum bid price requirement of $1.00 per share for continued listing on The Nasdaq Global Market. If we are unable to continue to meet Nasdaq’s listing maintenance standards for any reason, such as our minimum bid price falling below $1 for 30 consecutive trading days, our common stock could be delisted from The Nasdaq Global Market. If our common stock were delisted, we may seek to list our common stock on The Nasdaq Capital Market, the NYSE American or on a regional stock exchange or, if one or more broker-dealer market makers comply with applicable requirements, the over-the-counter, or OTC, market. Listing on such other market or exchange could reduce the liquidity of our common stock. If our common stock were to trade in the OTC market, an investor would find it more difficult to dispose of, or to obtain accurate quotations for the price of, the common stock.

A delisting from The Nasdaq Global Market and failure to obtain listing on another market or exchange would subject our common stock to so-called penny stock rules that impose additional sales practice and market-making requirements on broker-dealers who sell or make a market in such securities. Consequently, removal from The Nasdaq Global Market and failure to obtain listing on another market or exchange could affect the ability or willingness of broker-dealers to sell or make a market in our common stock and the ability of purchasers of our common stock to sell their securities in the secondary market.

On March 20, 2025, the closing price of our common stock was $1.36 per share.

Our lack of significant financial resources may limit our revenues, potential profits, overall market share, or value.

Our products and solutions compete with other pureplay lidar developers, most of which have raised and exhausted significant capital in their development and production efforts. We also face competition from OEMs and Tier 1 suppliers that have internally developed lidar sensors. All of these OEMS and Tier 1s are significantly larger, more well-resourced, have long operating histories and enjoy relevant brand recognition. With greater resources over the past several years, our pureplay lidar competitors have in the past developed and commercialized products more quickly than us and may now have access to more entrenched sales channels. This historical imbalance in financial resources and access could result for us in reduced revenues, lower margins or loss of market share, any of which could reduce the value of our business. Additionally, for a variety of reasons, customers may choose to purchase from suppliers that have substantially greater financial or other resources than we have.

Risks Related to Fundraising Transactions and the Convertible Note

Our stockholders will experience further dilution if we issue additional equity securities in future fundraising transactions.

We are generally not restricted from issuing additional common stock, including any securities that are convertible into or exchangeable for, or that represent the right to receive, common stock. If we issue additional common stock, or securities convertible into or exchangeable or exercisable for common stock (including additional convertible notes to the holder of the convertible note issued by us in October 2024 pursuant to the securities purchase agreement dated October 14, 2024), our stockholders could experience additional dilution, and any such issuances may result in downward pressure on the price of our common stock.

Sales of shares of our common stock by the holder of the October 2024 convertible note may cause our stock price to decline.

Sales of substantial amounts of our shares of common stock in the public market by the holder of the convertible note issued by us in October 2024, or the perception that those sales may occur, could cause the market price of shares of our common stock to decline and impair our ability to raise capital through the sale of additional shares of our common stock.

We do not currently intend to pay dividends on our common stock, and any return to investors is expected to come, if at all, only from potential increases in the price of our common stock.

At the present time, we intend to use available funds to finance our operations. Accordingly, while any payment of dividends would be at the discretion of our board of directors, no cash dividends on our common shares have been declared or paid by us and we have no intention of paying any such dividends in the foreseeable future. Any return to investors is expected to come, if at all, only from potential increases in the price of our common stock.

There are risks associated with our outstanding convertible note, and any additional convertible notes that may be issued under the October 2024 securities purchase agreement, that could adversely affect our business and financial condition.

On October 23, 2024, we issued a senior secured convertible note in the principal amount of $45.0 million. Pursuant to the securities purchase agreement dated October 14, 2024, we can issue up to an aggregate principal amount of $75.0 million in senior secured convertible notes to the holder of the October 2024 convertible note, subject to certain conditions and limitations. The terms of any additional convertible notes issued pursuant to the October 2024 securities purchase agreement would be similar to the terms of the existing convertible note.

The convertible note provides for certain events of default, such as our failing to make timely payments under the note and failing to timely comply with the reporting requirements of the Exchange Act. The October 2024 securities purchase agreement and the convertible note also contain customary affirmative and negative covenants, including limitations on incurring additional indebtedness, the creation of additional liens on our assets, and entering into investments, as well as a minimum liquidity requirement.

Our ability to remain in compliance with the covenants under the convertible note depends on, among other things, our operating performance, competitive developments, financial market conditions and stock exchange listing of our common stock, all of which are significantly affected by financial, business, economic and other factors. We are not able to control many of these factors. Accordingly, our cash flow may not be sufficient to allow us to pay principal on the note and any additional convertible notes issued under the securities purchase agreement or meet our other obligations thereunder. Our level of indebtedness under the securities purchase agreement could have other important consequences, including the following:

There can be no assurance that we will be able to manage any of these risks successfully.

Our obligations to the holder pursuant to the October 2024 convertible note, and any additional convertible notes, are secured by a security interest in all of our bank and securities accounts, now owned and hereafter created or acquired, and if we default on those obligations, the holder could foreclose on our bank and securities accounts.

Our obligations under the convertible note, and any additional convertible notes issued pursuant to the October 2024 securities purchase agreement, and the related transaction documents, are secured by a security interest in all of our bank and securities accounts, now owned and hereafter created or acquired. As a result, if we default on our obligations under the convertible note, or any additional convertible notes, the collateral agent on behalf of the holder could foreclose on the security interests and liquidate some or all of our bank and securities accounts, which would harm our business, financial condition and results of operations and could require us to reduce or cease operations and investors may lose all or part of your investment.

Risks Related to Our Operations

Difficulty in qualifying a contract manufacturer, Tier 1 partner, or foundry for our products, or experiencing challenges in our supply chain, could cause delays that may result in lost future revenues and damaged customer relationships.

Historically, we have relied on single or limited-source suppliers to manufacture our products. Establishing and maintaining a relationship with a contract manufacturer, automotive Tier 1 partner, or foundry is a time-consuming process, as our unique technologies may require significant manufacturing process adaptation to achieve full manufacturing capacity. To the extent that we are not able to maintain our existing or establish a new relationship with a contract manufacturer, Tier 1 partner, or foundry in a timely manner or at prices or on other terms that are acceptable to us, we may be unable to meet contract or production milestones. Moreover, changes or challenges in our supply chain could result in increased cost and delays and subject us to risks and uncertainties regarding, but not limited to, product warranty, product liability and quality control standards. The loss of any single or limited-source supplier, the failure of any of these suppliers to perform as expected or the disruption in the supply chain of components from these suppliers could cause significant delays in product deliveries, which could result in lost future revenues and damaged customer relationships.

Historically, we have been dependent on third parties to develop, manufacture, sell and market products incorporating our technology.

Our business strategy for commercializing our technology in products has historically included entering into development, manufacturing, licensing, sales and marketing arrangements with OEMs, ODMs and other third parties. These arrangements reduce our level of control over production and distribution and may subject us to risks and uncertainties regarding, but not limited to, product warranty, product liability and quality control standards.

We cannot be certain that we will be able to negotiate arrangements on acceptable terms, if at all, or that these arrangements will be successful in yielding commercially viable products. If we cannot establish or maintain these arrangements, we would require additional capital to undertake such activities on our own and would require extensive manufacturing, sales and marketing expertise that we do not currently possess and that may be difficult to obtain.

In addition, we could encounter significant delays in introducing our products and technology or find that the development, manufacture or sale of products incorporating our technology would not be feasible. To the extent that we enter into development, manufacturing, licensing, sales and marketing or other arrangements, our revenues will depend upon the performance of third parties. We cannot be certain that any such arrangements will be successful.

We could face lawsuits related to our use of LBS technology or other technologies, which would be costly, and any adverse outcome could limit our ability to commercialize our technologies or products.

We are aware of several patents held by third parties that relate to certain aspects of light scanning displays, 3D sensing products, and other technologies that are core to our sensor hardware. These patents could be used as a basis to challenge the validity, limit the scope or limit our ability to obtain additional or broader patent rights of our patents. A successful challenge to the validity of our patents could limit our ability to commercialize our technology or products incorporating our LBS or other technology and, consequently, materially reduce our ability to generate revenues. Moreover, we cannot be certain that patent holders or other third parties will not claim infringement by us with respect to current and future technology. Because U.S. patent applications are held and examined in secrecy, it is also possible that presently pending U.S. applications could eventually be issued with claims that could be infringed by our products or our technology.

The defense and prosecution of a patent suit would be costly and time-consuming, even if the outcome were ultimately favorable to us. An adverse outcome in the defense of a patent suit could subject us to significant costs, require others and us to cease selling products incorporating our technology, require us to cease licensing our technology or require disputed rights to be licensed from third parties. Such licenses, if available, would increase our operating expenses. Moreover, if claims of infringement are asserted against our future co-development partners or customers, those partners or customers may seek indemnification from us for any damages or expenses they incur.

If we fail to manage expansion effectively, our revenue and expenses could be adversely affected.

Our ability to successfully offer products and solutions incorporating our technologies and implement our business plan in a rapidly evolving market requires an effective planning and management process. The growth in business and relationships with customers and other third parties has placed, and will continue to place, a significant strain on our management systems and resources. We will need to continue to improve our financial and managerial controls, reporting systems and procedures, and will need to continue to train and manage our workforce. We continue to strengthen our compliance programs, including our compliance programs related to product certifications (in particular, certifications applicable to the automotive market), export controls, privacy, cybersecurity, and anti-corruption. We may not be able to implement improvements in an efficient or timely manner and may discover deficiencies in existing controls, programs, systems and procedures, which could have an adverse effect on our business, reputation and financial results.

We target customers that are large companies with substantial negotiating power and potentially competitive internal solutions; if we are unable to sell our products to these customers, our prospects will be adversely affected.

Our potential customers, including industrial and automotive OEMs, are large, multinational companies with substantial negotiating power relative to us and, in some instances, may have internal solutions that are competitive to our products. These large, multinational companies also have significant resources, which may allow them to acquire or develop competitive technologies either independently or in partnership with others. Accordingly, even after investing significant resources to develop a product, we may not secure a series production award or, even after securing a series production award, may not be able to commercialize a product on profitable terms. If our products are not selected by these large companies or if these companies develop or acquire competitive technology or negotiate terms that are disadvantageous to us, it will have an adverse effect on our business prospects.

Our technology and products may be subject to environmental, health and safety regulations that could increase our development and production costs.

Our technologies and products could become subject to environmental, health and safety regulations or amendments that could negatively impact our ability to commercialize our technologies and products. Compliance with any such current or new regulations would likely increase the cost to develop and commercialize products, and violations may result in fines, penalties or suspension of production. If we become subject to any environmental, health, or safety laws or regulations that require us to cease or significantly change our operations to comply, our business, financial condition and operating results could be adversely affected.

Our operating results may be adversely impacted by worldwide political and economic uncertainties and specific conditions in the markets we address.

At various times in our history, including currently and in the recent past, general worldwide economic conditions have experienced downturns due to slower economic activity, concerns about inflation, increased energy costs, decreased consumer confidence, reduced corporate profits and capital spending, and adverse business conditions. Any continuation or worsening of global economic and financial conditions could materially adversely affect: (i) our ability to raise, or the cost of, needed capital, (ii) demand for our current and future products, and (iii) our ability to commercialize products. Additionally, the outbreak of wars or infectious diseases, as recently experienced, may cause an unexpected deterioration in economic conditions. We cannot predict the timing, strength, or duration of any economic slowdown or subsequent economic recovery, worldwide, regionally or in the industrial, automotive or technology sectors.

Because a significant proportion of our company is outside of the U.S. and we utilize foreign suppliers and manufacturers, our operating results could be harmed by economic, political, regulatory and other factors in foreign countries.

During 2021, we established an office in Germany and on January 31, 2023, we completed our acquisition of certain assets of Ibeo, with the result that we now have more employees and operations in Germany than in the U.S. In addition, we currently use foreign suppliers and partners and plan to continue to do so to manufacture current and future components and products, where appropriate. These international operations are subject to inherent risks, which may adversely affect us, including, but not limited to:

We have recently made and may in the future make acquisitions. If we fail to successfully select, execute or integrate our acquisitions, then our business, results of operations and financial condition could be materially adversely affected.

On December 1, 2022, we entered into an Asset Purchase Agreement to acquire certain assets from Ibeo Automotive Systems GmbH. We expended significant management time and effort, as well as capital, identifying, evaluating, negotiating, and executing this transaction and, since the closing of the acquisition on January 31, 2023, we have invested additional time and capital working to integrate our new Hamburg- and Detroit-based teams and operations. We cannot guarantee that these integration efforts will be successful, that the goals of the acquisition will be realized, or that the increase to our operating expenses or cash requirements will be manageable. During the first half of 2024, we downsized our Germany operations.

In the future, we may again undertake acquisitions to add new products and technologies, acquire talent, gain new sales channels or enter into new markets or sales territories. In addition to possible stockholder approval, we may need approvals and licenses from relevant government authorities for the acquisitions and to comply with any applicable laws and regulations, which could result in increased delay and costs, and may disrupt our business strategy if we fail to do so. Furthermore, acquisitions and the subsequent integration of new assets, businesses, key personnel, customers, vendors and suppliers require significant attention from our management and could result in a diversion of resources from our existing business, which in turn could have an adverse effect on our operations. Acquired assets or businesses may not generate the financial results we expect. Acquisitions could result in the use of substantial amounts of cash, potentially dilutive issuances of equity securities, the occurrence of significant goodwill impairment charges, amortization expenses for other intangible assets, and exposure to potential unknown liabilities of the acquired business. Moreover, the costs of identifying and consummating acquisitions may be significant.

Before our acquisition of assets from Ibeo, we had no experience with acquisitions or the integration of acquired technology and personnel. Failure to successfully identify, complete, manage, and integrate acquisitions could materially and adversely affect our business, financial condition, and results of operations and could cause our stock price to decline.

Our suppliers’ or manufacturing partners’ facilities could be damaged or disrupted by a natural disaster or labor strike, either of which would materially affect our financial position, results of operations and cash flows.

A major catastrophe, such as an earthquake, monsoon, or flood; infectious disease outbreak, such as the COVID-19 virus; or other natural disasters, labor strikes, or work stoppages at our suppliers’ or manufacturers partners’ facilities or our customers, could result in a prolonged interruption of our business. A disruption resulting from any one of these events could cause significant delays in product shipments and the loss of sales and customers, which could have a material adverse effect on our financial condition, results of operations, and cash flows.

If we are unable to obtain effective intellectual property protection for our products, processes and technologies, we may be unable to compete with other companies.

Intellectual property protection for our products, processes and technologies is important and uncertain. If we do not obtain effective intellectual property protection for our products, processes and technologies, we may be subject to increased competition. Our commercial success will depend, in part, on our ability to maintain the proprietary nature of our key technologies by securing valid and enforceable patents and effectively maintaining unpatented technologies as trade secrets.

We protect our proprietary technologies by seeking to obtain United States and foreign patents in our name, or licenses to third party patents, related to proprietary technologies, inventions, and improvements that may be important to the development of our business. However, our patent position involves complex legal and factual questions. The standards that the United States Patent and Trademark Office and its foreign counterparts use to grant patents are not always applied predictably or uniformly and can change.

Additionally, the scope of patents is subject to interpretation by courts and their validity can be subject to challenges and defenses, including challenges and defenses based on the existence of prior art. Consequently, we cannot be certain as to the extent to which we will be able to obtain patents for our new products and technologies or the extent to which the patents that we already own protect our products and technologies. Reduction in scope of protection or invalidation of our licensed or owned patents, or our inability to obtain new patents, may enable other companies to develop products that compete directly with ours on the basis of the same or similar technologies.

We also rely on the law of trade secrets to protect unpatented know-how and technologies to maintain our competitive position. We try to protect this know-how and our technologies by limiting access to the trade secrets to those of our employees, contractors and partners, with a need-to-know such information and by entering into confidentiality agreements with parties that have access to it, such as our employees, consultants and business partners. Any of these parties could breach the agreements and disclose our trade secrets or confidential information, or our competitors might learn of the information in some other way. If any trade secret not protected by a patent were to be disclosed to or independently developed by a competitor, our competitive position could be negatively affected.

We could be subject to significant product liability claims that could be time consuming and costly, divert management attention and adversely affect our ability to obtain and maintain insurance coverage.

We could be subject to product liability claims if any of the product applications are alleged to be defective or cause harmful effects. For example, because some of the scanning modules incorporating our LBS technology could scan a low power beam of colored light into the user’s eye, the testing, manufacture, marketing and sale of these products involve an inherent risk that product liability claims will be asserted against us.

Additionally, any misuse of our technologies or products incorporating our technologies by end users or third parties that obtain access to our technologies could result in negative publicity and could harm our brand and reputation. Product liability claims or other claims related to our products or our technologies, regardless of their outcome, could require us to spend significant time and money in litigation, divert management time and attention, require us to pay significant damages, harm our reputation or hinder acceptance of our products. Any successful product liability claim may prevent us from obtaining adequate product liability insurance in the future on commercially desirable or reasonable terms. An inability to obtain sufficient insurance coverage at an acceptable cost or otherwise to protect against potential product liability claims could prevent or inhibit the commercialization of our products and technologies.

Our operations could be adversely impacted by information technology system failures, network disruptions, or cybersecurity incidents.

We rely on information technology systems to process, transmit, store, and protect electronic data between our employees, customers, manufacturing partners and suppliers. Our systems and the third parties we rely on for related services are vulnerable to actual or attempted cybersecurity incidents, such as attacks by hackers, acts of vandalism, malware, social engineering, denial or degradation of service attacks, computer viruses, software bugs or vulnerabilities, supply chain attacks, phishing attacks, ransomware attacks, misplaced or lost data, human errors, malicious insiders or other similar events. Such systems are also susceptible to other disruptions due to events beyond our control, including, but are not limited to, natural disasters, power loss, and telecommunications failures. Our system redundancy may be inadequate and our disaster recovery planning may be ineffective or insufficient to account for all eventualities.

As security incidents have become more prevalent across industries we will need to continually examine, modify and update our systems. These updates or improvements may require implementation costs. In addition, we may not be able to monitor and react to all developments in a timely manner. The measures we do adopt may prove ineffective.

Any failure, or perceived failure, by us to comply with current and future regulatory or customer-driven privacy, data protection, and information security requirements, or to prevent or mitigate cyber incidents, could harm our business and expose us to potential litigation, liability, remediation costs, investigation costs, loss of revenue, damage to our reputation and loss of customers. While we maintain insurance coverage to address certain aspects of cyber risks, such insurance coverage may be insufficient to cover all losses or all claims that may arise, should such an event occur.

We, and certain of our third-party vendors, collect and store personal information in connection with human resources operations and other aspects of our business. While we obtain assurances that any third parties we provide data to will protect this information and, where we believe appropriate, monitor the protections employed by these third parties, there is a risk the confidentiality of data held by us or by third parties may be compromised and expose us to liability for such breach.

Loss of any of our key personnel or inability to attract new personnel could have a negative effect on the operation of our business.

Our success depends on our executive officers and other key personnel and on our ability to attract and retain qualified new personnel. Achievement of our business objectives will require substantial additional expertise in the areas of sales and marketing, research and product development and manufacturing. Competition for qualified personnel in these fields is intense, and the inability to attract and retain additional highly skilled personnel, or the loss of key personnel, could hinder our ability to compete effectively in the automotive or technology markets and adversely affect our business strategy execution and results of operations.

Risks Related to Development for the Industrial and Automotive Markets

We invest significant time and resources seeking OEM selection of our products and solutions. If our products and solutions are not selected for inclusion in ADAS systems by automotive OEMs or automotive Tier 1 suppliers after incurring substantial expenditures in these efforts, our future business prospects, results of operations, and financial condition will be materially and adversely affected.

Automotive OEMs and Tier 1 suppliers design and develop ADAS technology over several years, undertaking extensive testing and qualification processes prior to selecting a product such as our lidar sensors and software for use in a particular system, product or vehicle model because such products will function as part of a larger system or platform and must meet certain other specifications. We have invested and will continue to invest significant time and resources to have our products considered and possibly selected by OEMs or Tier 1 suppliers for use in a particular system, product or vehicle model, which is known as a “series production win” or a “series production award.” In the case of ADAS technology, a series production award would mean that our lidar sensor and/or ADAS solution had been selected for use in a particular vehicle model. However, if we are unable to achieve a series production award with respect to a particular vehicle model, we may not have an opportunity to supply our products to the automotive OEM for that vehicle model for a period of many years. In many cases, this period can be as long as five to seven or more years. If our products are not selected by an automotive OEM or our suppliers for one vehicle model or if our products are not successful in that vehicle model, it is unlikely that our product will be deployed in other vehicle models of that OEM. If we fail to win a significant number of vehicle models from one or more automotive OEMs or their suppliers, our future business prospects, results of operations, and financial conditions will be materially and adversely affected.

The complexity of our products and the limited visibility into the various environmental and other conditions under which potential customers may use the products could result in unforeseen delays or expenses from undetected defects, errors or reliability issues in hardware or software which could reduce the market adoption of our products, damage our reputation with prospective customers, expose us to product liability and other claims, and adversely affect our operating costs.

Our products are highly technical and complex and require high standards to manufacture and may experience defects, errors or reliability issues at various stages of development and production. We may be unable to timely manufacture or release products, or correct problems that have arisen or correct such problems to the customer’s satisfaction. Additionally, undetected errors, defects or security vulnerabilities could result in serious injury to the end users or bystanders of technology incorporating our products, inability of customers to commercialize technology incorporating our products, litigation against us, negative publicity and other consequences. These risks are particularly prevalent in the highly competitive ADAS market. These problems may also result in claims, including class actions, against us that could be costly to defend. Our reputation or brand may be damaged as a result of these problems and potential customers may be reluctant to buy our products, which could adversely affect our financial results.

Adverse conditions in particular industrial sectors, the automotive industry, or the global economy more generally could have adverse effects on our results of operations.

While we make our strategic planning decisions based on the assumption that the markets we are targeting will grow, our business is dependent, in large part on, and directly affected by, business cycles and other factors affecting industrial autonomy, the global automobile industry, and the global economy generally. Automotive production and sales are highly cyclical and depend on general economic conditions and other factors, including consumer spending and preferences, changes in interest rates and credit availability, consumer confidence, fuel costs, fuel availability, environmental impact, governmental incentives and regulatory requirements, and political volatility, especially in energy-producing countries and growth markets. In addition, automotive production and sales can be affected by our automotive OEM customers’ ability to continue operating in response to challenging economic conditions and in response to labor relations issues, regulatory requirements, trade agreements and other factors. The volume of automotive production in North America, Europe and the rest of the world has fluctuated, sometimes significantly, from year to year, and we expect such fluctuations to give rise to fluctuations in the demand for our products. Any significant adverse change in any of these factors may result in a reduction in automotive sales and production by our automotive OEM customers and could have a material adverse effect on our business, results of operations and financial condition.

Developments in alternative technology may adversely affect the demand for our lidar technology.

Significant developments in alternative technologies, such as cameras and radar, may materially and adversely affect our business prospects in ways we do not currently anticipate. Existing and other camera and radar technologies may emerge as OEMs’ preferred alternative to our solution, which would result in the loss of competitiveness of our lidar solution. Our R&D efforts may not be sufficient to adapt to these changes in technology and our solution may not compete effectively with these alternative systems.

ADAS features may be delayed in adoption by OEMs, which would negatively impact our long-term business prospects.

The ADAS market is fast evolving and there is generally a lack of an established regulatory framework. Vehicle regulators globally continue to consider new and enhanced emissions requirements, including electrification, to meet environmental and economic needs as well as pursue new safety standards to address emerging traffic risks. For instance, in May 2024, the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration, or NHTSA, published a new rule requiring automatic emergency braking systems in U.S. light vehicles and trucks by September 2029, and in December 2024, NHTSA proposed a voluntary program to improve evaluation and oversight of certain vehicles equipped with automated driving systems. To control new vehicle prices, among other concerns, OEMs may need to dedicate technology and cost additions to new vehicle designs to meet these emissions and safety requirements and postpone the consumer cost pressures of new ADAS features. As additional safety requirements are imposed on vehicle manufacturers, our business prospects may be materially impacted. Alternatively, if safety regulations in the U.S. were to become less stringent due to oversight reduction efforts, OEMs could be less inclined to pay for higher cost redundant safety systems and technologies, which could negatively impact the uptake of our sensor solutions.

Because the lidar and ADAS markets are rapidly evolving, it is difficult to forecast customer adoption rates, demand, and selling prices for our products and solutions.

We are pursuing opportunities in rapidly evolving markets, including technological and regulatory changes, and it is difficult to predict the timing and size of the opportunities. For example, lidar-based ADAS solutions require complex technology and because these automotive systems depend on technology from many companies, commercialization of ADAS products could be delayed or impaired on account of certain technological components of ours or others not being ready to be deployed in vehicles. In addition, the selling prices we are able to ultimately charge in the future for the products we are currently developing may be less than what we currently project. Our future financial performance will depend on our ability to make timely investments in the correct market opportunities. If one or more of these markets experience a shift in prospective customer demand, our products may not compete as effectively, if at all, and they may not be designed into commercialized products. Given the evolving nature of the markets in which we operate, it is difficult to predict customer demand or adoption rates for our products, selling prices or the future growth of our target markets. If demand does not develop or if we cannot accurately forecast it, the size of our markets, inventory requirements or future financial results will be adversely affected.

Because perception solutions involving lidar are new in the markets we are seeking to enter, our market forecasts may not materialize as anticipated.

Our market opportunity estimates and growth forecasts are subject to significant uncertainty and are based on assumptions and estimates that may not materialize as anticipated. These estimates and forecasts relating to the expected size and growth of the markets for lidar-based technology may prove to be inaccurate. Even if these markets experience the forecasted growth we anticipate, we may not grow our business at similar rates, or at all. Our future growth is subject to many factors, including market adoption of our products, which is subject to many risks and uncertainties. Accordingly, we cannot assure you that these forecasts will not be materially inaccurate.

ITEM 1B. UNRESOLVED STAFF COMMENTS

None.

ITEM 1C. CYBERSECURITY

Risk Management and Strategy

Governance

ITEM 2. PROPERTIES

In September 2021, we entered into a lease on approximately 16,681 square feet of space located in Redmond, Washington that we use primarily for product testing and lab space. The lease provides for an initial term of 128 months that commenced November 1, 2021.

In September 2021, we entered into a second lease on approximately 36,062 square feet of space located in Redmond, Washington that we use primarily for general office space. The lease provides for an initial term of 120 months and commenced on December 1, 2022.

In December 2023, we entered into a lease on approximately 60,000 square feet of space located in Hamburg, Germany that we will use primarily for general office space and product testing. The lease provides for an initial term of 60 months and commenced on November 1, 2024.

We believe that our facilities are adequate to meet our needs for the immediate future, and that, should it be needed, suitable additional or substitute space will be available to accommodate any such expansion of our operations. For a further description of our leased properties, see Part II, Item 8, Note 10. Leases, of the notes to our consolidated financial statements, which is incorporated by reference in response to this item.

ITEM 3. LEGAL PROCEEDINGS

We are subject to various claims and pending or threatened lawsuits in the normal course of business. We are not currently party to any other legal proceedings that management believes are reasonably possible to have a material adverse effect on our financial position, results of operations or cash flows.

ITEM 4. MINE SAFETY DISCLOSURES

Not applicable.

ITEM 4A. EXECUTIVE OFFICERS OF THE REGISTRANT

Executive officers are appointed by our Board of Directors and hold office until their successors are elected and duly qualified. The following persons serve as executive officers of MicroVision, Inc.:

Sumit Sharma, age 51, was appointed Chief Executive Officer in February 2020 and served as Chief Operating Officer from June 2018 to February 2020, after serving as Vice President of Product Engineering and Operations since February 2017 and Vice President and Senior Director of Operations since September 2015. Prior to MicroVision, from April 2015 to September 2015, he was a Product Development and Operations consultant at BlueMadison Consulting. From November 2013 to March 2015, he was the Senior Director, Advanced Manufacturing Operations and Technology Development at Jawbone. From March 2011 to October 2013, he was the Head of Manufacturing Operations for project GLASS at Google. Mr. Sharma has extensive experience in optics, wearable technology, product development and qualification for automotive industry. Mr. Sharma also has deep experience in global operations and developing strategic partnerships. A patent holder, Mr. Sharma received his baccalaureate degree in engineering from New Jersey Institute of Technology.

Anubhav Verma, age 39, was named Senior Vice President, Chief Financial Officer & Treasurer in June 2024, having joined MicroVision in November 2021 as Chief Financial Officer. Prior to MicroVision, from October 2016 to November 2021, he led several growth initiatives including M&A and Capital Market transactions as Senior Vice President Finance of Exela Technologies. From November 2013 to October 2016, he was an Investment Professional of HandsOn Global Management driving end-to-end M&A deals including post-merger integration along with several rounds of capital market financings. From July 2009 to October 2013, he advised several Fortune 500 companies as an Investment Banker at Credit Suisse in their New York and Mumbai offices. Mr. Verma has extensive experience in Mergers and Acquisitions (M&A), Capital Markets and Strategic Finance roles for publicly listed and privately held companies. Mr. Verma received a Bachelor of Technology degree in engineering and a Masters of Technology degree in engineering from the Indian Institute of Technology, Bombay.

Drew Markham, age 57, was named Senior Vice President, General Counsel & Secretary, and Head of People Operations in June 2024, having joined MicroVision in June 2021 as Vice President, General Counsel & Secretary. Before joining MicroVision, from January 2017 through June 2021, Ms. Markham was President at Avisé, a social purpose corporation, where she was a legal consultant to publicly traded technology companies. From January 2013 to December 2016, she was Vice President, Deputy General Counsel & Assistant Secretary at RealNetworks, Inc. From June 1999 to December 2012, she was an attorney with Wilson Sonsini Goodrich & Rosati. Ms. Markham received her Juris Doctor degree from the University of Washington School of Law and her Bachelor of Science degree in Accounting from the University of Florida.

Glen W. DeVos, age 64, joined MicroVision in March 2025 as Senior Vice President and Chief Technology Officer. Prior to MicroVision, he served in various business leadership and technology roles at Aptiv and its predecessor Delphi Automotive from 1992 to March 2024. From March 2017 to March 2024, he was a Senior Vice President and he served as Chief Technology Officer until January 2023. Also during that time, he served as President of Aptiv’s Advanced Safety and User Experience business unit from April 2021 to January 2023 and as President of its Mobility and Services Group from December 2017 to March 2020. Aptiv PLC, an Irish company headquartered in Switzerland with securities traded on the NYSE, is an engineering company focused on mobility and autonomous technologies for the automotive and commercial vehicle industries. Aptiv was spun out of Delphi Automotive in March 2017; Delphi was spun out of GM in 1999.

PART II.

Market Information

Our common stock began trading publicly on August 27, 1996. Our common stock trades on The Nasdaq Global Market under the ticker symbol “MVIS.” We have never declared or paid cash dividends on our common stock. We currently anticipate that we will retain all future earnings to fund the operations of our business and do not anticipate paying dividends on the common stock in the foreseeable future.

As of March 20, 2025, there were approximately 139 holders of record of 245,004,785 shares of common stock outstanding. As many of our shares of common stock are held by brokerages and institutions on behalf of shareholders, we are unable to estimate the total number of beneficial holders of our common stock represented by these record holders.

Stock Performance Graph

This performance graph shall not be deemed to be “soliciting material” or “filed” or incorporated by reference in future filings with the Securities and Exchange Commission, or subject to the liabilities of Section 18 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, or the Exchange Act, except as shall be expressly set forth by specific reference in such filing.

The following graph shows a comparison from 2019 through 2024 of the cumulative total return for our common stock, the Russell 2000 Index and the Dow Jones US Electronic and Electrical Equipment Index. Our prior annual reports had included cumulative total return from the NASDAQ Electrical Components Index, however it is not included on this graph because the index has been discontinued. The comparisons in the graph are historical and are not intended to forecast or be indicative of possible future performance of our common stock.

Recent Sales of Unregistered Securities

On November 21, 2023, pursuant to subscription agreements dated as of November 14, 2023, between us and each of the purchasers, we sold in the aggregate 50,761 shares of our common stock, par value $0.001 per share (“Common Stock”), at $1.97 per share, for an aggregate purchase price of approximately $0.1 million. The purchasers consisted of our Chief Executive Officer, Chief Financial Officer, General Counsel and certain members of our Board of Directors.

On March 13, 2023, pursuant to a subscription agreement dated as of March 13, 2023, we sold to our Chief Executive Officer 100,000 shares of Common Stock, at $2.14 per share, for an aggregate purchase price of $0.2 million.

The sales of our Common Stock described above were each undertaken in reliance upon an exemption from the registration requirements of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the “Securities Act”), pursuant to Section 4(a)(2).

The following discussion of our financial condition and results of operations should be read in conjunction with our audited consolidated financial statements and the related notes included in Part II, Item 8 of this Form 10-K. The following discussion focuses on the results of our operations for the year ended December 31, 2024 compared to the year ended December 31, 2023. Similar discussion of the results of our operations for the year ended December 31, 2023 compared to the year ended December 31, 2022 can be found in “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” in Part II, Item 7 of our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2023.

Overview

Currently, our development and commercialization efforts are focused primarily on perception solutions for autonomy and mobility applications, including industrial and automotive perception systems and advanced driver-assistance systems (ADAS), where we can deliver safe mobility at the speed of life. Our integrated solution combines our perception software stack, lidar sensors utilizing our MEMS-based and flash-based technologies, and custom application software targeted for sale to industrial and automotive OEMs, automated warehouse operators, robotic developers, Tier 1 automotive suppliers, other industrial market players, and the military and defense technology companies.

Although perception solutions, including industrial and automotive lidar, are our priority now, we have developed solutions for augmented reality (AR), interactive displays, and consumer lidars. In the recent past, our strategy had been to sell AR displays or components, interactive displays, or consumer lidars to original equipment manufacturers (OEMs) and original design manufacturers (ODMs) for incorporation into their products. Previously, we developed AR and helmet-mounted displays for military applications.

We have incurred substantial losses since inception and expect to incur a significant loss during the fiscal year ending December 31, 2025. We have funded operations to date primarily through the sale of common stock, convertible preferred stock, warrants, the issuance of convertible debt and, to a lesser extent, from development contract revenues, product sales and licensing activities. In October 2024, we entered into a securities purchase agreement with an institutional investor for the purchase of senior secured convertible notes of up to $75.0 million. See Part II, Item 8, Note 7. Notes Payable and Derivative Liability. In February 2025, we entered into another securities purchase agreement with the same institutional investor for the issuance and sale of $8.0 million in shares of common stock, plus warrants to purchase additional shares of common stock for approximately $9.0 million. See Part II, Item 8, Note 16. Subsequent Events. There can be no assurance that additional capital will be available or that, if available, it will be available on terms acceptable to us on a timely basis. We cannot be certain that we will succeed in commercializing our technology or products.

Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates

Our discussion and analysis of our financial condition and results of operations are based upon our consolidated financial statements, which have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States. The preparation of these financial statements requires us to make estimates and judgments that materially affect the reported amounts of assets, liabilities, revenues and expenses, and related disclosure of contingent liabilities. We evaluate our estimates on a continuous basis. We base our estimates on historical data, terms of existing contracts, our evaluation of trends in the consumer display and 3D sensing industries, information provided by our current and prospective customers and strategic partners, information available from other outside sources and on various other assumptions we believe to be reasonable under the circumstances. The results form the basis for making judgments regarding the carrying values of assets and liabilities that are not readily apparent from other sources. Actual results may differ from these estimates under different assumptions or conditions.

We believe the following key accounting policies require significant judgments and estimates used in the preparation of our consolidated financial statements.

Business Combination

Our business combination is accounted for under the acquisition method. We allocate the fair value of purchase consideration to the tangible and intangible assets acquired and liabilities assumed based on their estimated fair values at the acquisition date. The excess of the fair value of the underlying net assets acquired and liabilities assumed over the purchase consideration is included in bargain purchase gain in the Consolidated Statement of Operations. Such valuations require management to make significant estimates and assumptions, especially with respect to intangible assets.

Intangible Assets

Our intangible assets consist of acquired technology from the January 2023 Ibeo asset purchase and purchased patents. The estimated fair value of acquired technology was calculated through the income approach using the multi-period excess earnings and relief from royalty methodologies. The intangible assets are amortized using the straight-line method over their estimated period of benefit, ranging from one to seventeen years. Intangible assets are reviewed for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate the carrying value may not be recoverable. Recoverability of these assets is measured by comparison of their carrying values to the projected undiscounted net cash flows associated with the related intangible assets or group of assets over their remaining lives. Measurement of an impairment loss for our intangible assets is based on the difference between the fair value of the asset and its carrying value. During 2024, we recorded a non-cash impairment charge of $4.2 million related to our Reference software. See Part II, Item 8, Note 8. Financial Statement Components – Intangible Assets.

Share-Based Compensation

We issue share-based compensation to employees in the form of stock options, restricted stock units (RSUs), and performance stock units (PSUs). We account for the share-based awards by recognizing the fair value of share-based compensation expense on a straight-line basis over the service period of the award, net of estimated forfeitures. The fair value of stock options is estimated on the grant date using the Black-Scholes option pricing model. The fair value of RSUs and non-executive PSUs is determined by the closing price of our common stock on the grant date or the period end date for the awards that are being measured by the service inception date. For performance-based awards, expense is recognized when it is probable the performance criteria will be achieved. If the likelihood becomes improbable that the performance criteria will be achieved, the expense is reversed. The fair value of RSUs and PSUs (other than certain executive PSUs) is determined by the closing price of our common stock on the grant date or the period end date for the awards that are being measured by the service inception date. Executive PSUs issued in 2022 were valued using a Monte Carlo simulation model using the following inputs: stock price, volatility, and risk-free interest rates. Changes in estimated inputs or using other option valuation methods may result in materially different option values and share-based compensation expense.

Leases

Significant judgment may be required when determining whether a contract contains a lease, the length of the lease term, the allocation of the consideration in a contract between lease and non-lease components, and the determination of the discount rate included in our office lease. We review the underlying objective of each contract, the terms of the contract, and consider our current and future business conditions when making these judgments.

Derivative Liability

We evaluate our financial instruments, specifically, our notes payable, to determine if such instruments are derivatives or contain features that qualify as embedded derivatives in accordance with ASC 815, “Derivatives and Hedging”. For derivative financial instruments that are accounted for as liabilities, the derivative instrument is initially recorded at its fair value on the issuance date and is then re-valued at each reporting date, with changes in the fair value reported as an unrealized gain or loss in earnings on the consolidated statements of operations.

Results of Operations

Revenue

Revenues are recognized when control of the promised goods or services are transferred to our customers, in an amount that reflects the consideration that we expect to receive in exchange for those goods or services. We recognize revenue either at a point in time, or over time, depending upon the characteristics of the individual contract. If control of the deliverable(s) transfers over time, the revenue is recognized in proportion to the transfer of control. If control passes to the customer only upon completion and transfer of the asset, revenue is recognized at the completion of the contract.

The decrease in revenue for the year ended December 31, 2024 compared to the same period in 2023 was primarily due to revenue associated with the Microsoft contract partially offset by the sale of sensors to an existing industrial customer for agricultural equipment and service parts, an increase in shipments of MOVIA L sensors to Daimler Truck North America and affiliates as part of their RFQ evaluation process, and increased sales to a second industrial customer.

Cost of revenue

Cost of revenue includes the direct and allocated indirect costs of products and services sold to customers. Direct costs include labor, materials, reserves for estimated warranty expenses, and other costs incurred directly, or charged to us by our contract manufacturers, in the manufacture of these products. Indirect costs include labor, overhead, and other costs associated with operating our manufacturing capabilities. Overhead includes the costs of procuring, inspecting and storing material, facility and other costs, and is allocated to cost of revenue based on the proportion of indirect labor which supported revenue activities.

Cost of revenue can fluctuate significantly from period to period, depending on the product mix and volume, the level of overhead expense and the volume of direct material purchased. The increase in cost of revenue for the year ended December 31, 2024 compared to the same period in 2023 was primarily due to inventory write-downs primarily associated with older configurations of the MOVIA L sensors.

Research and development expense

Research and development expense consists of compensation related costs of employees and contractors engaged in internal research and product development activities, direct material to support development programs, laboratory operations, outsourced development and processing work, and other operating expenses. We assign our research and development resources based on the business opportunity of the available projects, the skill mix of the resources available and the contractual commitments we have made to our customers. We believe that a substantial level of continuing research and development expenses will be required to further develop our scanning technology.

The decrease in research and development expense during the year ended December 31, 2024 compared to the same period in 2023 was primarily due to lower salary and benefits expense and non-cash compensation of $11.2 million as a result of 2024 restructuring events (see Part II, Item 8, Note 14. Restructuring Charges), lower depreciation expense of $0.8 million, lower freight costs of $0.2 million, lower direct materials and equipment costs of $0.2 million, and lower travel expenses of $0.2 million. These decreases were partially offset by restructuring charges of $5.4 million, and higher IT and software costs of $0.5 million.

Sales, marketing, general and administrative expense

Sales, marketing, general and administrative expense includes compensation and support costs for marketing, sales, management and administrative staff, and for other general and administrative costs, including legal and accounting services, consultants and other operating expenses.

The decrease in sales, marketing, general and administrative expense during the year ended December 31, 2024 as compared to the same period in 2023 was primarily due to lower salary and benefits expense and non-cash compensation of $4.6 million as a result of 2024 restructuring events (see Part II, Item 8, Note 14. Restructuring Charges), lower professional fees of $1.8 million primarily related to legal and audit fees associated with the acquisition of Ibeo in 2023, lower subcontractor fees of $0.7 million, lower business insurance fees of $0.6 million due to favorable rates obtained, and lower advertising costs of $0.3 million. These decreases were partially offset by restructuring charges of $0.6 million, higher IT and software costs of $0.4 million, higher trade show expense of $0.2 million, and higher building expenses of $0.2 million.

Impairment loss on intangible assets

Impairment loss on intangible assets includes impairment charges on intangible assets. During the year ended December 31, 2024, management identified impairment indicators related to MOSAIK software. We performed an assessment of projected future cash flows and determined the software was fully impaired, which resulted in a $4.2 million impairment charge. See Part II, Item 8, Note 8. Financial Statement Components for additional discussion.

Bargain purchase gain, net of tax

During the year ended December 31, 2023, we recorded a bargain purchase gain related to the acquisition of assets from Ibeo. The bargain purchase gain represents the excess of the fair value of the underlying net assets acquired and liabilities assumed over the purchase consideration paid in the transaction.

Interest expense

The increase in interest expense during the year ended December 31, 2024 compared to the same period in 2023 relates to $4.4 million of non-cash interest expense on notes payable that originated in October 2024. See Part II, Item 8, Note 7. Notes Payable and Derivative Liability for additional discussion.

Unrealized loss on derivative liability

Unrealized loss on derivative liability reflects the revaluation of our derivative liability associated with notes payable as of December 31, 2024. Due to the increase in the fair value of the derivative liability as of December 31, 2024 relative to its initial measurement on October 23, 2024, we recognized an unrealized loss during 2024. See Part II, Item 8, Note 7. Notes Payable and Derivative Liability for additional discussion.

Other income (expense), net

The decrease in other income during the year ended December 31, 2024 compared to the same period in 2023 is primarily due to a payment received in 2023 of $3.0 million as an incentive to terminate our previous building lease.

Income Taxes

During the years ended December 31, 2024 and 2023, we recognized tax expense of $0.5 million and $1.1 million, respectively, mainly related to income in foreign jurisdictions offset, partially offset by a deferred income tax benefit generated by the reduction to a deferred tax liability created as a result of the acquisition of Ibeo in Q2 2023. The change in income tax expense during the year ended December 31, 2024 was largely the result of lower profitability in foreign jurisdictions. As of December 31, 2024, we had net operating loss carryforwards of approximately $498.0 million for federal income tax reporting purposes. In addition, we have research and development tax credits of $11.1 million. During 2024, $28.2 million federal net operating losses and $0.2 million general business credits expired unused. A majority of the net operating loss carryforwards and research and development credits available to offset future taxable income, if any, will expire in varying amounts from 2025 to 2044, if not previously used.

In certain circumstances, as specified in the Internal Revenue Code, a 50% or more ownership change by certain combinations of our shareholders during any three-year period would result in a limitation on our ability to use a portion of our net operating loss carryforwards.

We recognize interest accrued and penalties related to unrecognized tax benefits in tax expense. We did not have any unrecognized tax benefits at December 31, 2024 or at December 31, 2023.

Liquidity and Capital Resources

We have incurred significant losses since inception. We have funded operations to date primarily through the sale of common stock, convertible preferred stock, warrants, the issuance of convertible debt and, to a lesser extent, from development contract revenues, product sales, and licensing activities. As of December 31, 2024, the Company had $54.5 million in cash and cash equivalents and $20.2 million in short-term investment securities, or $74.7 million total. In February 2025, we raised net proceeds of $7.8 million through sale of common stock to an existing investor. In addition to cash and cash equivalents, the Company also has potential availability of $143.6 million comprised of the following:

In consideration of the above, the Company has total liquidity of $226.1 million. Pursuant to terms of the Note, we will maintain minimum cash liquidity of $30.0 million for the duration of the Note term, subject to decreases beginning on May 1, 2025. Based on our current operating plan, we anticipate that we have sufficient cash and cash equivalents to fund our operations for at least the next 12 months.

Operating activities

Cash used in operating activities totaled $68.5 million during 2024, compared to $67.1 million in 2023. During the years ended December 31, 2024 and 2023, we made payments of $1.9 million and $3.1 million, respectively, to our contract manufacturing partner in connection with the buildup of MOVIA sensor inventory for direct sales to both automotive and non-automotive customers. Moreover, we expect to make additional minimum payments to this partner totaling approximately $6.3 million during 2025 and 2026 in line with agreed-upon deliveries.

Investing activities

During the year ended December 31, 2024, cash provided by investing activities was $2.7 million compared to $21.8 million during the same period in 2023. During the year ended December 31, 2024, we purchased short-term investment securities totaling $26.1 million and sold short-term investment securities totaling $35.4 million, compared to purchases of $41.7 million and sales of $76.7 million in the same period of 2023. During the year ended December 31, 2024, we purchased property and equipment totaling $0.4 million compared to $2.0 million in the same period in 2023. During the year ended December 31, 2024, we made payments totaling $6.3 million related to the acquisition of Ibeo assets compared to $11.2 million in the same period in 2023.

Financing activities

Net cash provided by financing activities totaled $72.9 million during the year ended December 31, 2024, compared to $72.4 million during the same period of 2023. Proceeds received from stock option exercises totaled $0.1 million during the year ended December 31, 2024, compared to $0.3 million during the same period in 2023. Net proceeds from issuance of common stock were $34.7 million during the year ended December 31, 2024, compared to $72.3 million during the same period in 2023. In 2024, we received approximately $38.1 million in net proceeds, inclusive of debt issuance costs, from the issuance of $45.0 million senior secured convertible notes. See Part II, Item 8. Note 7, Notes Payable and Derivative Liabilities.

The following is a list of our financing activities during 2024 and 2023.

Our capital requirements will depend on many factors, including, but not limited to, the rate at which OEMs and other potential customers introduce products incorporating our technology and the market acceptance and competitive position of such products. Our ability to raise capital will depend on numerous factors, including the following:

If we are successful in establishing OEM co-development arrangements, we may receive full or partial funding for certain non-recurring engineering costs for technology development and/or product development. Nevertheless, we expect our capital requirements to remain high as we expand our activities and operations with the objective of commercializing our technology.

Recent Accounting Pronouncements

See Note 2, “Summary of significant accounting policies,” in the notes to the consolidated financial statements found in Part II, Item 8 of this Form 10-K.

Interest Rate and Market Liquidity Risks

As of December 31, 2024, all of our cash and cash equivalents have variable interest rates; however, we believe our exposure to market and interest rate risks is not material. Due to the generally short-term maturities of our investment securities, we believe that the market risk arising from our holdings of these financial instruments is not significant. We do not believe that inflation has had a material effect on our business, financial condition or results of operations; however, we do anticipate our labor costs to increase as a result of inflationary pressures.

Our investment policy generally directs that the investment managers should select investments to achieve the following goals: principal preservation, adequate liquidity, and return. As of December 31, 2024, our cash and cash equivalents are comprised of short-term highly rated (A rated securities and above) money market savings accounts and our short-term investments are comprised of highly rated corporate and government debt securities (A rated securities and above). The values of cash and cash equivalents and investment securities, available-for-sale as of December 31, 2024, are as follows (in thousands):

Foreign Exchange Rate Risk

Our major contract and collaborative research and development agreements, product sales, and licensing activity payments are currently made in U.S. dollars or Euros. Changes in the relative value of the U.S. dollar to the Euro and other currencies may affect revenue and other operating results as expressed in U.S. dollars. In addition, our international subsidiary financial statements are denominated in Euros. As such, the consolidated financial statements will continue to remain subject to the impact of foreign currency translation as our international operations continue to expand. In the future, we may enter into foreign currency hedges to offset material exposure to currency fluctuations when we can adequately determine the timing and amounts of the exposure.

ITEM 8. FINANCIAL STATEMENTS AND SUPPLEMENTARY DATA

INDEX TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm

To the Shareholders and the Board of Directors of

MicroVision, Inc.

Opinion on the Financial Statements

We have audited the accompanying consolidated balance sheets of MicroVision, Inc. (the “Company”) as of December 31, 2024 and 2023, the related consolidated statements of operations, comprehensive loss, stockholders’ equity and cash flows for each of the three years in the period ended December 31, 2024, and the related notes and schedules (collectively referred to as the “consolidated financial statements”). In our opinion, the consolidated financial statements present fairly, in all material respects, the consolidated financial position of the Company as of December 31, 2024 and 2023, and the consolidated results of its operations and its cash flows for each of the three years ended in the period December 31, 2024, in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America.

Basis for Opinion

These consolidated financial statements are the responsibility of the Company’s management. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on the Company’s consolidated financial statements based on our audits. We are a public accounting firm registered with the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States) (“PCAOB”) and are required to be independent with respect to the Company in accordance with the U.S. federal securities laws and the applicable rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission and the PCAOB.

We conducted our audits in accordance with the standards of the PCAOB. Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the consolidated financial statements are free of material misstatement, whether due to error or fraud. The Company is not required to have, nor were we engaged to perform, an audit of its internal control over financial reporting. As part of our audits, we are required to obtain an understanding of internal control over financial reporting but not for the purpose of expressing an opinion on the effectiveness of the Company’s internal control over financial reporting. Accordingly, we express no such opinion.

Our audits included performing procedures to assess the risks of material misstatement of the consolidated financial statements, whether due to error or fraud, and performing procedures to respond to those risks. Such procedures included examining, on a test basis, evidence regarding the amounts and disclosures in the consolidated financial statements. Our audits also included evaluating the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall presentation of the consolidated financial statements. We believe that our audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinion.

Critical Audit Matters

The critical audit matters communicated below are matters arising from the current period audit of the consolidated financial statements that were communicated or required to be communicated to the audit committee and that (1) relate to accounts or disclosures that are material to the consolidated financial statements and (2) involved our especially challenging, subjective, or complex judgments.

The communication of critical audit matters does not alter in any way our opinion on the consolidated financial statements, taken as a whole, and we are not, by communicating the critical audit matters below, providing a separate opinion on the critical audit matters or on the accounts or disclosures to which they relate.

Valuation of Derivative Liability

As described in note 7, the fair value of the derivative liability is determined utilizing a “with and without” method, in which the fair value is calculated as the difference in the fair value of the entire hybrid instrument and the fair value of the instrument excluding the bifurcated derivative features. The fair value of the hybrid instrument is estimated using a binomial lattice model. The fair value of the host contract excluding embedded derivative features is estimated using a debt discounted cash flow model, which assumes that the contract is a debt instrument with only the option to redeem partial principal payments prior to maturity. The estimated fair value of the derivative liability was $14.6 million as of December 31, 2024.

We identified the valuation of derivative liability as a critical audit matter. Performing audit procedures to evaluate the reasonableness of the fair value estimates and underlying inputs and assumptions required especially challenging and subjective auditor judgment and an increased extent of effort, including the need to involve of our valuation professionals.

Addressing the matter involved performing procedures and evaluating audit evidence in connection with forming an overall opinion on the consolidated financial statements. Our audit procedures related to the matter included the following, among others:

Impairment of Intangible Assets

As described in notes 2 and 8 to the consolidated financial statements, intangible assets are reviewed for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate the carrying value may not be recoverable. Recoverability of these assets is measured by comparison of their carrying values to the projected undiscounted net cash flows associated with the related intangible assets or group of assets over their remaining lives. Measurement of an impairment loss for intangible assets is based on the difference between the fair value of the asset and its carrying value. The carrying value of intangible assets was $11.0 million as of December 31, 2024.

We identified the impairment assessment of intangible assets as a critical audit matter. Performing audit procedures to evaluate the significant assumptions used by management when developing the undiscounted cash flows to be generated by the assets required a high degree of auditor judgment, subjectivity and effort when performing and evaluating the results of those procedures.

Addressing the matter involved performing procedures and evaluating audit evidence in connection with forming an overall opinion on the consolidated financial statements. Our audit procedures related to the matter included the following, among others:

/s/ Moss Adams

Seattle, Washington

March 26, 2025

We have served as the Company’s auditor since 2012.

MicroVision, Inc.

Consolidated Balance Sheets

(In thousands, except per share data)

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements

MicroVision, Inc.

Consolidated Statements of Operations

(In thousands, except per share data)

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.

MicroVision, Inc.

Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Loss

(In thousands)

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.

MicroVision, Inc.

Consolidated Statements of Shareholders’ Equity

(In thousands)